Macular degeneration is an eye condition that affects the central part of your vision, making it appear blurred and distorted. It is a common cause of visual loss for older people. It occurs when the macula, a small area in the centre of the retina, starts to deteriorate as a result of ageing. The macula is responsible for sharp vision. This can greatly impact your ability to read, drive, and recognise faces
People who engage in smoking, lead a sedentary lifestyle, experience elevated blood pressure, and possess high cholesterol levels are at increased risk of developing macula degeneration.
One of the main symptoms of macular degeneration is a loss of sharpness in your central vision. You may notice that straight lines appear wavy or distorted, and objects in the centre of your vision may seem blurry. This can make it challenging to focus on fine details or perform tasks that require clear central vision.
Another symptom is a dark or empty area in the centre of your vision. This can create a blind spot that gradually enlarges over time. It may become difficult to see objects directly in front of you, and you may need to rely on your peripheral vision to navigate your surroundings.
Macular degeneration can also affect your color perception. Colors may appear less vibrant or faded, and it may be harder to distinguish between different shades. This can make it challenging to appreciate the full range of colors in your environment.
As macular degeneration progresses, you may experience difficulties with reading. Words may appear distorted, and you may find it hard to follow a line of text. This can make activities such as reading books, newspapers, or even digital screens more challenging.
In advanced stages, macular degeneration can lead to a significant loss of central vision. This can greatly impact your independence and ability to perform daily tasks. Simple activities like recognizing faces, driving, or even watching TV may become increasingly difficult.
It’s important to note that there are two types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Dry macular degeneration is more common and progresses slowly, while wet macular degeneration is more severe and can progress rapidly. Regular eye exams and early detection are crucial for effective management and treatment.
While there is currently no cure for macular degeneration, there are treatment options available to slow down its progression and manage its symptoms. These can include medications, laser therapy, and vision aids such as magnifiers or telescopic lenses. Additionally, quitting smoking, frequent physical activities and eating healthy can help. If you experience any changes in your vision, especially in your central vision, it’s essential to consult an eye care professional for a thorough examination. Your eye care professional will conduct an initial assessment of your central visual field using an Amsler grid and a dilated eye examination. They can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend the most appropriate treatment options to help you maintain your visual health and quality of life.
